Volume II: Law, Policy, and Ecological Justice

Digitalisation of Syariah Court Procedures in Malaysia: Challenges, Legal Reform and the Pursuit of Maqasid Al-Shariah

  • Nor Afandi Mohd Sohime University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Mohd Norhusairi Mat Hussin University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Mahamatayuding Samah University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Keywords

Syariah Court; Digital Transformation; Civil Procedure; Maqasid al-Shariah; Judicial Reform.

Abstract

Digital transformation has become an essential component of judicial reform, including within the Malaysian Syariah Court system. Various digital initiatives such as e-Filing, e-Bicara, and e-Naziran have been introduced to improve efficiency, accessibility, and transparency in court administration. However, the implementation of digital procedures remains uneven across states due to variations in legal frameworks, technological infrastructure, and institutional readiness. This paper examines the development of digital procedures in the Malaysian Syariah Courts, with particular emphasis on civil procedural mechanisms and their suitability for contemporary judicial needs. Adopting a doctrinal and qualitative methodology, the study analyses relevant legislation, procedural rules, administrative policies, and digital initiatives governing Syariah Court processes. It further explores legal, technological, and institutional challenges affecting digitalisation, including procedural inconsistencies, electronic documentation, online hearings, and access to justice. The analysis is guided by Law and Technology Theory and the principles of Maqasid al-Shariah to evaluate whether digital reforms enhance procedural justice, judicial efficiency, and public interest (maslahah). The findings indicate that digitalisation has significant potential to strengthen case management and judicial administration. Nevertheless, existing procedural laws require reform to accommodate emerging digital practices and ensure greater uniformity across jurisdictions. The paper proposes a framework for legal and procedural reform to establish a more integrated, efficient, and Shariah-compliant digital justice system capable that addresses contemporary challenges in the administration of Islamic law.

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