Volume V: Economy, Politics, and Environmental Governance

The Urgency of the Guardian of Fairness Concept in Strengthening Notarial Ethics in Sharia Economic Transactions

  • R. Ira Laksana Dewi UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia

Keywords

Guardian of Fairness, Notarial Ethics, Substantive Justice, Kātib al-'Adl, Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, Sharia Economic Transactions.

Abstract

The development of the Sharia economy in Indonesia has led to the increasing use of Sharia-based contracts in various business and financial activities. The characteristics of Sharia economic transactions, which emphasize justice (al-'adl), balance (tawāzun), public welfare (maṣlaḥah), and the protection of the parties involved, indicate that formal legal validity alone is insufficient to ensure the achievement of transaction objectives in accordance with Sharia principles. In this context, notaries occupy a strategic position as public officials authorized to draft authentic deeds and provide legal certainty for various contractual relationships. However, the growing complexity of Sharia economic transactions requires an ethical perspective that is oriented not only toward formal legality but also toward the realization of substantive justice. This article aims to analyze the urgency of the Guardian of Fairness concept as an ethical paradigm for understanding the role of notaries in Sharia economic transactions. This study employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and philosophical approaches. The analysis focuses on regulations related to the notarial profession and Sharia economic transactions, as well as the concepts of kātib al-'adl, al-muwaththiq, and the principles of maqāṣid al- sharī‘ah. The findings reveal that the concept of Guardian of Fairness has normative and historical roots within the Islamic legal tradition, which regards recorders and authenticators of contracts as guardians of justice in contractual relationships. This concept offers an ethical paradigm that positions notaries not merely as guardians of formal legality, but also as protectors of contractual balance, defenders of vulnerable parties, promoters of contractual transparency, and supporters of compliance with Sharia principles. Therefore, the Guardian of Fairness concept has significant relevance in strengthening notarial ethics while supporting the realization of Sharia economic transactions that are fair, transparent, and oriented toward public welfare.

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