Volume V: Economy, Politics, and Environmental Governance

Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah and Algorithmic Justice in the Gig Economy: Integrating Fiqh al-Mu‘āmalah and AI Governance to Realize a Sustainable Inclusive Economy

  • Muhammad Jafar Goro UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
  • Setia Mulyawan UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia

Keywords

maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, algorithmic justice, gig economy, fiqh mu‘āmalah, AI governance.

Abstract

The growth of the gig economy has expanded through opportunities provided by digital platforms that open wider access to work. On the other hand, the algorithmic system in managing labor raises issues of justice due to the lack of openness/transparency of algorithms, unfair distribution/allocation of tasks, and insufficient accountability in protecting the rights of digital workers. This study aims to analyze the issue of algorithmic justice within the gig economy ecosystem from the perspective of the objectives of Shariah (maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah) and fiqh mu‘āmalah. From this analysis, a framework is systematically integrated into Artificial Intelligence Governance (AI Governance) so that the economy can reach broader segments of society and realize a sustainable inclusive economy. This research is normative legal research with a conceptual and comparative approach, analyzed descriptively-analytically and prescriptively. The findings show that without transparency, adequate accountability systems, and sufficient mechanisms of responsibility, algorithmic practices in the digital space have the potential to create inequality/injustice in procedural, distributive, and corrective dimensions. Based on the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, the core foundation of algorithmic justice must be oriented toward the protection of wealth (ḥifẓ al-māl), namely the economic rights and welfare of workers; the protection of labor or social security of workers (ḥifẓ al-nafs); and the implementation of comprehensive justice (al-‘adl). This study offers a model of integration between maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, fiqh mu‘āmalah, and AI Governance, grounded in principles of transparency, accountability, distributive justice, protection of economic rights, and public welfare (maṣlaḥah). This model can serve as a normative foundation for more just, inclusive, and sustainable digital platform governance in supporting the achievement of SDG 8 on decent work and sustainable economic growth.

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