Volume I: Eco-Theology, Spirituality, and Environmental Ethics

Rekonstruksi Makna Fasād fī al-Arḍ dalam Al-Qur’an: Pendekatan Hermeneutika Double Movement Fazlur Rahman dan Implikasinya terhadap Pengembangan Ekoteologi Islam Kontemporer

  • Siti Madinatul Munawwaroh UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia

Keywords

Fasād fī al-arḍ, Tafsir Al-Qur’an, Fazlur Rahman, Double Movement, Ekoteologi Islam, Etika lingkungan, Krisis ekoteologis.

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji rekonstruksi makna fasād fī al-arḍ dalam tafsir Al-Qur’an sebagai respons terhadap krisis ekoteologis kontemporer melalui pendekatan hermeneutika double movement Fazlur Rahman. Selama ini, pemaknaan fasād fī al-arḍ dalam khazanah tafsir lebih banyak ditempatkan pada dimensi moral, sosial, dan spiritual, seperti kemaksiatan, konflik, ketidakadilan, serta penyimpangan manusia dari tatanan ilahiah. Sementara itu, meningkatnya krisis lingkungan global menunjukkan perlunya pembacaan ulang terhadap konsep Qur’ani tersebut agar mampu menghadirkan landasan etis-teologis yang relevan dengan tantangan zaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan melalui pendekatan tafsir tematik terhadap ayat-ayat fasād beserta derivasinya. Analisis dilakukan melalui kajian komparatif terhadap penafsiran mufasir klasik dan kontemporer, kemudian direkonstruksi menggunakan teori double movement Fazlur Rahman dengan menelusuri konteks historis ayat, merumuskan nilai moral universal, serta mengaktualisasikannya dalam realitas kontemporer. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa fasād fī al-arḍ tidak hanya menunjukkan kerusakan yang bersifat moral dan sosial, tetapi juga merepresentasikan krisis ekoteologis yang lahir dari terputusnya relasi etis antara manusia, Tuhan, dan alam. Rekonstruksi melalui pendekatan Fazlur Rahman memperluas makna fasād menjadi konsep yang mencakup eksploitasi alam, hilangnya keseimbangan kosmos, serta pengabaian amanah manusia sebagai khalifah. Dengan demikian, fasād fī al-arḍ dapat diposisikan sebagai fondasi epistemik bagi pengembangan ekoteologi Islam yang lebih kontekstual, transformatif, dan responsif terhadap tantangan lingkungan modern.

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